Date of Award

Spring 1-2025

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Information Systems (PhDIS)

First Advisor

Omar El-Gayar

Second Advisor

Insu Park

Third Advisor

Deb Tech

Abstract

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has created many opportunities for organizations to improve organizational performance. AI has increasingly become an integral part of the digital strategy for organizations. Despite these benefits, many organizations are still struggling to leverage AI to gain competitive advantage. Although previous research has explored the notion of technology adoption, very little literature exist that examines the impact of organizational culture on AI adoption in organizations using a mixed methods approach. Specifically, prior literature investigating aspects of the organizations that enable AI adoption has focused on challenges associated with the technical aspects such as the capability, thus providing inadequate insight about the impact of organizational culture on AI adoption and organizational performance. To address this gap, this study has conducted a sequential mixed methods research design indicated as QUAN→ qual to collect data from 96-United States (US) based organizations using a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with 9 technology leaders in organizations to examine how organizational culture impacts AI adoption and organizational performance. This study proposes a theoretical model adapted from the technology organization environment framework (TOE) and the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory. Accordingly, informed by the literature, this study has formulated six hypotheses presented in the research model to explain the relationship among constructs: transformational leadership, organizational culture, AI capability, organizational creativity, AI adoption, and organizational performance.

The results from the study indicate that transformational leadership is an antecedent of organizational culture, as is AI capability an antecedent of AI adoption, and organizational creativity plays a mediating role between AI capability and AI adoption to positively influence organizational performance. The results suggest that a nurturing AI-friendly organizational culture can help organizations leverage AI and improve organizational performance. This study makes significant contributions to the information systems (IS) literature by examining the impact of organizational culture, particularly when adopting new technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), and it provides practical insights for managers to leverage AI and enhance organizational performance.

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